Theory 13/Phase & ice/Ice adhesion
Ice Sticks Through a Liquid Film
The claim
Ice adhesion strength is set by the ratio of premelted film thickness to surface roughness, so a surface that suppresses premelting sheds ice.
01Mechanism
The film transmits stress between ice and substrate; roughness determines contact area.
02Prediction
Adhesion should fall as the film thins.
03Refutation
Adhesion tracking surface energy alone would remove premelting.